Gastritis is a chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa accompanied by its cellular infiltration, disorder of physiological regeneration (repair) and subsequent atrophic changes, disorder of secretory, motor (motor) and insulin functions of the stomach. CG is the most common disease of the stomach, widespread among the population of the world.
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CG often proceeds without distinct clinical symptoms, it is difficult to suspect and diagnose. Clinical manifestations peculiar to it are nonspecific and can be found in syndromes of functional dyspepsia, caused by motor (motor-evacuation) disturbances of the stomach and duodenum, and organic dyspepsia, developing in a number of diseases (gastric and duodenal ulcer, stomach cancer, gastroesophageal reflux disease, chronic cholecystitis, pancreatitis, etc.).
The term “dyspepsia” comes from the Greek dys (disorder) and peptien (to digest). The syndrome of dyspepsia is defined as a feeling of rapid onset of satiety, fullness (overfilling) of the stomach after eating, as well as burning and pain in the epigastric region. Often, these symptoms alone or in combination define the clinical picture.
A reasonable (purposeful) anamnesis, followed by an objective examination, allows the nurse to formulate the patient’s problems and plan nursing care appropriately. It is important to specify the patient’s complaints regarding pain and dyspepsic syndromes and to find out when the symptoms first appeared and whether they are related to food intake. The localization,
intensity and nature of the pain (early, late, hunger). The nurse should ask the patient about the patient’s eating and occupational habits, bad habits, and use of medications.
Nursing diagnoses (patient’s problems) in CG may be as follows:
– pain in the epigastric region;
– Feelings of heaviness and overflow in the scrotal region after meals;
– Dyspeptic disorders (belching, nausea, heartburn);
– Bloating (flatulence);
– Insufficient awareness of the patient about the causes of the disease, ways to prevent and treat it.
